Flying-fox (Pteropus spp.) sperm membrane fatty acid composition,its relationship to cold shock injury and implications for cryopreservation success |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia;2. Biology Department, Hillsdale College, Hillsdale, MI 49242, USA;1. University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;2. University of Eastern Finland, Faculty of Science and Forestry, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland;3. Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre Joint Authority Enterprise (ISLAB), P.O. Box 1700, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland;1. Department of Ichthyology, University of Warmia and Mazury, ul. Oczapowskiego 2, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;2. Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Páter Károly u. 1., 2100 Gödöllő, Hungary;3. Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, Olsztyn, Poland;4. UR AFPA, Université de Lorraine - INRA, 54505 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France;1. Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;2. Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7015, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden;3. Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia, South Bohemian Research Centre for Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic;4. Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Lipid Metabolism and Muscular Adaptation Workgroup, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany |
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| Abstract: | The very large acrosome of Pteropus species spermatozoa is prone to damage during cooling procedures. Cryogenic succuss has been linked to membrane composition, therefore the lipid composition of five Pteropus species sperm acrosomal and plasma membranes were investigated to provide insight into reasons for cold shock susceptibility. Rapid chilling and re-warming of spermatozoa from three Pteropus species resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) in acrosomal integrity. Biochemical analysis of lipids revealed that stearic acid (18:0) was the predominant saturated fatty acid and oleic acid (18:1, n-9) the predominant unsaturated fatty acid in both acrosomal and plasma membranes. Linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) was only detected in plasma membranes of Pteropus hypomelanus and was detected in acrosomal membranes of all Pteropus spp. studied (except Pteropus giganteus). Although detected in both plasma and acrosomal membranes of Pteropus vampyrus, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) was not detected at all in Pteropus poliocephalus, only in trace levels in the acrosomal and plasma membranes of P. giganteus and P. hypomelanus and not in acrosomal membranes of Pteropus rodricensis. No difference was seen in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) within plasma membranes, however PUFAs were lower (P < 0.05) in acrosomal membranes of P. giganteus compared with P. vampyrus. Pteropus spp. spermatozoa have a very low ratio of unsaturated/saturated membrane fatty acids (<0.5). Membranes containing more PUFAs are more fluid, so the use of cryogenic media which improves membrane fluidity should improve Pteropus spp. spermatozoal viability post-thaw. |
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