Interpulse interval modulation by echolocating big brown bats (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Eptesicus fuscus</Emphasis>) in different densities of obstacle clutter |
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Authors: | Anthony E Petrites Oliver S Eng Donald S Mowlds James A Simmons Caroline M DeLong |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA;(2) Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA |
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Abstract: | Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) use biosonar to find insect prey in open areas, but they also find prey near vegetation and even fly through vegetation
when in transit from roosts to feeding sites. To evaluate their reactions to dense, distributed clutter, bats were tested
in an obstacle array consisting of rows of vertically hanging chains. Chains were removed from the array to create a curved
corridor of three clutter densities (high, medium, low). Bats flew along this path to receive a food reward after landing
on the far wall. Interpulse intervals (IPIs) varied across clutter densities to reflect different compromises between using
short IPIs for gathering echoes rapidly enough to maneuver past the nearest chains and using longer IPIs so that all echoes
from one sound can be received before the next sound is emitted. In high-clutter density, IPIs were uniformly shorter (20–65 ms)
than in medium and low densities (40–100 ms) and arranged in “strobe groups,” with some overlap of echo streams from different
broadcasts, causing pulse-echo ambiguity. As previously proposed, alternating short and long IPIs in strobe groups may allow
bats to focus on large-scale pathfinding tasks as well as close-in obstacle avoidance. |
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Keywords: | Bioacoustics Echolocation Interpulse interval Clutter Eptesicus fuscus |
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