铜官山铜尾矿库植被及土壤酶活性研究

通过野外调查和实验分析，对铜官山铜尾矿库的植被状况和土壤酶活性进行了研究．结果表明，铜宫山铜尾矿库自然定居的高等植物有34种，隶属于16个科33个属，多为1—2年生草本植物，主要隶属于菊科、禾本科和豆科，蔗类植物节节草在尾矿库中也具有较大优势．尾矿库植被形成了节节草+白茅群落、狗牙根+白茅群落及芦苇群落等小群落，但仍以单种植物组成的斑块零散分布为主．对尾矿库土壤酶活性的研究表明，3种土壤酶活性和尾矿库的植被状况具有较强的相关性，且3种酶活性与其相关性表现为脲酶＞蔗糖酶＞过氧化氢酶．建议用脲酶活性作为废弃地复垦的一个指示指标。

Vegetation state and soil enzyme activities of copper tailing yard on Tongguan mountain

From the open investigation and laboratory analysis, this paper studied the vegetation state and soil enzyme activities of copper tailing yard of Tongguan mountain. The results showed that there were 34 species of natural colonized plants on copper tailing yard, subordinated to 16 families and 33 genera, and regard herbs as principle, and many for 1-2 years old. The main families were compositae (10 species), gramineae (9 species) and legumineceae (2 species). Hippochaete ramosissimum, which belonged to equisetaceae, had and significant dominant. There were some microcoenses such as Hippochaete ramosissimum + Imperata cylindraca community, Cynodon dactylon + Imperata cylindraca community and Phragmites australis community. But, the vegetation on copper tailing yard was distributed in spot piece and scattered mainly with single species. The activities of three soil enzymes had a stronger sensitivity to the vegetation state, and their relativity to the vegetation state was in order of urease > sucrase > catalase. It's suggested that unrease activity could be used as an indicator index for the reclamation of wasteland.