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Molecular phylogenetics of Diseae (Orchidaceae): a contribution from nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences |
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| Authors: | Emmanuel J. P. Douzery Alec M. Pridgeon Paul Kores H. P. Linder Hubert Kurzweil Mark W. Chase |
| Affiliation: | 1. 2Laboratoire de Pale´ontologie, Pale´obiologie et Phyloge´nie - CC064, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution UMR5554-CNRS, Universite´ Montpellier II;2. Place E. Bataillon, 34 095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France;3. Author for correspondence (e-mail: douzery@isem.univ-montp2.fr). This work is dedicated to the memory of botanist Alain Lecointe (1943–1998). We wish to thank James Richardson for supplying material of some taxa, Anette de Bruijn and Jeffrey Joseph for providing technical assistance in the laboratory, and John V. Freudenstein and Ken Cameron for providing helpful comments and criticisms. The first author thanks the EMBO for a short-term fellowship, which was carried out at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, during October - December 1996. ED would also like to thank Serge Aubert, Fred Berger, Philippe Choler, and Jean-Yves Dubuisson for their constant botanical encouragement. This is the contribution number 98-076 of the Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR 5554 - CNRS).;4. 3Molecular Systematics Section, Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom;5. Current address: Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory, Oklahoma Biological Survey, 111 E. Chesapeake Street, Norman, OK 73019-0575 USA;6. 4Bolus Herbarium, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7700, South Africa;7. and;8. 5Compton Herbarium, National Botanical Institute, Private Bag 7, Claremont 7735, South Africa |
| Abstract: | We present here the first molecular phylogeny of tribe Diseae (Orchidoideae: Orchidaceae). Nuclear ribosomal ITS1, 5.8S rDNA, and ITS2 sequences were compared for 30 Diseae, 20 Orchideae, and four Cranichideae and Diurideae outgroups. ITS - rDNA sequences exhibited a transition:transversion ratio of 1.3 and extensive ITS length polymorphism. Phylogenetic analyses using maximum parsimony identified seven major core orchidoid groups. The branching order of the five Diseae and two Orchideae clades was weakly supported but indicated paraphyly of Diseae, with Disperis sister to the rest, followed by successive divergence of Brownleea, Disinae, Coryciinae sensu stricto (s.s.), Satyriinae, and terminated by Orchidinae plus Habenariinae. Within the monophyletic Disinae, Herschelia and Monadenia were nested within a paraphyletic Disa and clustered with D. sect. Micranthae. Within monophyletic Satyriinae, Satyridium rostratum plus Satyrium bicallosum was sister to the rest of Satyrium, and then Satyrium nepalense plus S. odorum was distinct from a cluster of six species. Coryciinae are paraphyletic because Disperis is sister to all other core orchidoids. Coryciinae s.s. are sister to Satyriinae plus Orchideae, with Pterygodium nested within Corycium. Maximum likelihood analysis supported possible affinities among Disinae, Brownleeinae, and Coryciinae but did not support monophyly of Diseae or an affinity between Disinae and Satyriinae. Morphological characters are fully congruent with the well-supported groups identified in the ITS phylogeny. |
| Keywords: | Brownleeinae Coryciinae Diseae Disinae molecular phylogeny Orchidaceae ribosomal ITS Satyriinae |