姜目芭蕉群植物种子解剖学研究及其系统学意义

研究了姜目芭蕉群代表植物象腿蕉属象腿蕉(Ensete glaucum)、旅人蕉属旅人蕉(Ravenala madagascariensis)与蝎尾蕉属Heliconia faranmansis?D6肿咏馄侍卣鳌＝峁砻鳎笸冉段藜僦制ぃ制し只霰砥ぁ⒑癖谧橹赴褪赴悖赴瞿谇邢虮谟刖断虮谠龊瘢缓系闱哂泻系闶矣牒系愣眩谥制ち恢榭浊兄榭琢旌涂赘堑姆只榭琢煳涡停赘侵挥赡谥制は赴钩桑褐榭浊制ぱ由煨纬芍制昵唬和馀呷?层细胞：内胚乳细胞径向延长，细胞内充满淀粉粒。旅人蕉具假种皮，种皮分化出外种皮、中种皮和内种皮，外种皮细胞纵向延长，中种皮为7-9层切向延长的薄壁细胞，内种皮为石细胞型：合点区无合点室，内种皮在此出现缺口，缺口为整体轮廓呈喇叭形的近等径薄壁细胞群填充；珠孔区无珠孔领与孔盖的分化：外胚乳缺，内胚乳发达。蝎尾蕉属的Heliconia faranmansis?D6肿游藜僦制ぃ制の薹只墒闾寤闲∏揖断蜓映げ⑴帕形だ缸吹谋”谙赴钩桑褐榭锥酥制は蛲庋由欤纬衫嗨平浦肿拥闹指纷唇峁梗何蘅赘怯胫榭琢斓哂杏晒ば纬傻挠不牵缓系闱肼萌私断嗨疲煌馀呷樵?-4层细胞，细胞壁波浪形弯曲，内胚乳发达。综合作者对兰花蕉(Orchidanha chinensis)和前人对芭蕉群的种子解剖学研究结果，初步总结了芭蕉群种子解剖学特征及其进化式样，讨论了姜目芭蕉群四科种子解剖学特征的系统分类学意义。

Seed Anatomy of Species in Banana Families of Zingiberales and Its Systematic Significance

Seed anatomy of Ensete glaucum (Musaceae), Ravenala madagascariensis (Strelitziaceae) and Heliconia faranmansis (Heliconiaceae) was studied. Seeds of Ensete glaucum comprise seed coat, perisperm, endosperm and embryo, aril absent. Epidermis, sclerenchyma and sclereid are differentiated from seed coat and the sclereid thickened on anticlinal and inner periclinal walls. Chalazal chamber and chalazal mass are well-differentiated but the endotesta is continuous in chalazal region. Micropylar collar and operculum exist in micropylar region. The operculum consists of only sclereid endotesta, and the testa extends and results in a hilum cavity within this region. Perisperm has only one layer of cells while endosperm is massive and abundant in starch grains. Seeds in Ravenala madagascariensis have aril, seed coat includes exotesta, mesotesta and endotesta. The exotesta cells are elongated in longitudinal section and rounded in transverse section, and the cell walls of exotesta are thickened like those in Zingiberaceae. Mesotesta contains 7-9 layers of parenchyma cells which are tangentially elongated and the endotesta cells are sclereids. Chalazal chamber and chalazal mass are absent, and the endotesta is discontinuous and forming a gap. The gap is filled with parenchyma cells which is trumpet-shaped in outline. Micropylar collar and operculum are absent in micropylar region. Perisperm is not differentiated but endosperm is well-developed. Aril is absent in the seeds of Heliconia faranmansis and the seed coat without differentiation consists of a few layers of parenchyma palisade cells which are small in size and radially elongated. Seed coat extends outwards and forms a caruncle-like structure. Micropylar collar and operculum are not differentiated but a sclerotic plug is formed from endocarp. Chalazal chamber and chalazal mass are absent, and the endotesta is discontinuous and filled with parenchyma cells. There are about 3-4 layers of perisperm cells, the cell wall of which is curved. Endosperm is massive and rich in starch grains. Based on the studies on seed anatomy of the three representatives and of Orchidantha chinensis, and the previous studies, the characteristics and patterns of seed anatomy in banana families of Zingiberales are discussed.