Induction of early flowering in Cymbidium niveo-marginatum Mak in vitro |
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Authors: | I Kostenyuk B J Oh I S So |
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Institution: | (1) Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, 1 Oryang-Dong, Buk-Gu, Kwangju-City 506-712, Korea e-mail: kostenyuk@ksc.kumho.co.kr Fax: +82-62-972-5085, KR;(2) Department of Horticulture, Cheju National University, Cheju 690-756, Korea, KR |
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Abstract: | Many orchids take several years to flower. We have been able to induce early flowering in the temperate orchid Cymbidium niveo-marginatum Mak in vitro. The combined treatment of cytokinin (6-benzylaminopurine), restricted nitrogen supply with phosphorus enrichment,
and root excision (pruning) induced transition of the Cymbidium shoot from a vegetative to a reproductive stage. Nearly 100% of the plants flowered within 90 days only when the combined
treatment was applied. When root excision and/or 6-benzylaminopurine were omitted from the combined treatments, flower induction
was significantly reduced. The auxin transport inhibitor, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid prevented flowering of Cymbidium in vitro, although auxin (α-naphthaleneacetic acid) itself did not induce flowering. Gibberellic acid markedly delayed flowering
in C. niveo-marginatum even when the flower-promoting treatment was applied. Paclobutrazol, an anti-gibberellin agent, totally blocked the inductive
effects of either cytokinin or pruning. These observations suggest that concerted actions of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin,
as well as nutrient concentration and putative promoting/suppressing agents, determine the timing of Cymbidium orchid transition from the vegetative to reproductive stage.
Received: 22 July 1998 / Revision revised: 23 November 1998 / Accepted: 2 December 1998 |
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Keywords: | Orchid In vitro flowering Phytohormones Nutrient application Root excision |
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