东北地区农田防护林高效多功能经营的指标体系及标准研究

从单条林带和林网两个尺度出发,建立了农田防护林高效多功能经营的指标体系,并通过分析各个指标之间的机理关系,提出了9个主要评价指标,对于单条林带,用林带疏透度,有效防护距离,初始防护成熟龄,防护成熟期,林带产投比,更新方式等可作为度量林带经营状态的指标;对于林网体系,用林网带斑比,林网连接度,环度,林网优势度等可作为度量林网经营状态的指标;依据主要指标的数量化界定,提出了农田防护林高效多功能经营的标准,可进行综合评价,这些评价指标及其标准,在宏观上确定了主要林网体系的布局,在微观上确定了单条林带的结构,成为衡量是否可持续经营的依据,为其高效多功能经营提供了导向。

Indices and criteria of highly effective and multi-functional management of windbreaks/shelterbelts in northeast Chi-na.

From the two scales of single shelterbelt and networks as research object, this paper constructed the indices system of highly effective and multi functional m a nagement of shelterbelts/windbreaks. Through analyzing the mechanism relationshi p among every index, 9 main evaluation indices of shelterbelts/windbreaks were p ut forward. For single shelterbelt, there are 6 indices can be used for measurin g management state of shelterbelt, such as porosity, effective protection distan ce, initial protection maturity age, total protection maturity period, ratio of output to invest, and regeneration pattern. For networks system, there are 4 ind ices can be used for measuring management state of networks such as ratio of she lterbelt to patch, networks connectivity, networks ring, and networks dominance. According to quantitative boundary of main indices, the criteria of highly effe ctive and multi functional management of shelterbelts were brought forward. The s e indices and criteria, which become as foundation of measuring sustainable mana gement and direct highly effective management of shelterbelts/windbreaks, can be used to evaluate the management of shelterbelts, not only in distribution of ne tworks but also in structure of single belt.