Contributions of physical and chemical properties of mild irritants to gastric cytoprotection in rats |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Education Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong;2. Academy of Visual Arts, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong;1. Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China;2. School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China;3. Department of Haematology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, PR China;4. Center for Vascular Disease and Translational Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China;5. Institute for Advancing Translational Medicine in Bone & Joint Diseases, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China;6. Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, Center for Inflammation and Regeneration Modeling, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA;1. Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR, China;2. Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China;1. Institute of Geographic Information System, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan;2. The Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong;3. Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Centre, School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;4. NUST Institute of Civil Engineering, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences & Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan;1. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China;2. Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China |
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| Abstract: | The present study demonstrated the cytoprotective abilities of low concentrations of ethanol, NaCl and HCl, against the gastric mucosal damage caused by 100% ethanol, and the contributions of the physical and chemical properties of these mild irritants to their protective actions. The results have shown the differential protective effects of ethanol (10–40%), NaCl (2.5–12.5%) and HCl (0.15–0.45M), with the optimal cytoprotective concentrations being 20% ethanol, 5% NaCl and 0.3M HCl, respectively. Solutions of KCl and NaCl with similar osmolarity, and H2SO4 and HCl of similar acidity and osmolarity, all showed similar protective potentials as compared to the osmotic agent mannitol, which possessed a concentration- and tonicity-dependent protective action against 100% ethanol-induced mucosal damage. Same concentration of methanol, propan-2-ol and ethanol, having similar osmolarity with deionized water, exerted indifferent protective effects. It is therefore concluded that adaptive cytoprotection induced by low concentrations of NaCl and HCl could depend on their physical properties, while that of ethanol could act through its unique chemical property. |
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