高浓度酒精废水厌氧处理工程系统中古菌多样性及其代谢特征

颗粒污泥形成快、抗冲击能力强、悬浮性好是新型高浓度有机废水厌氧处理系统的重要特征。为了研究颗粒污泥中古菌组成多样性及其功能特征, 采集活性污泥样品, 提取总基因组DNA, 应用PCR-DGGE和16S rDNA克隆测序技术对系统内古菌群落进行研究。结果表明: 古菌克隆文库中克隆子的近缘种归属于Methanosaeta、Methanosarcina、Methanobacterium和Methanomethylovorans 4个类群, 所占文库容量比例依次为58.2%、23.6%、12.7%和3.6%, 1个克隆子未能找到相似菌株, 占1.8%。系统发育分析找到了未知克隆子C10、C11、C13和C19的相似菌株FJ618821、AB479397、AJ244290和AB447878, 并明确相应的分类地位。古菌类群以乙酸利用型Methanosaeta、Methanosarcina为主, 说明甲烷形成过程以乙酸途径为主。中间代谢产物VFAs组成与不同产甲烷菌代谢功能分析的结果证明了古菌群落组成多样性与其代谢功能的对应关系。

Archaeal diversity and metabolic function in anaerobic digest process treating high concentration ethanol wastewater

Fast conformation, good shock resistance and good suspensibility of anaerobic granular sludge are the important characteristics of a new anaerobic treatment plant dealing with high concentration organic wastewater. In order to investigate the diversity and functional characteristics of archaea, most important component of granular sludge, total archaeal genomic DNA was extracted from sample. The community structure was studied by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and cloning-sequencing based 16S rDNA. The results showed that archaeal community clones were classified into Methanosaeta, Methanosarcina, Methanobacterium and Methanomethylovorans all four clusters, accounting for 58.2%, 23.6%, 12.7% and 3.6% of the clone library capacity separately, one clone with 1.8% proportion could not be found the most similar strain. The sequences blast results and phylogenetic analysis of archaea showed that clones C10, C11, C13 and C19 had high similarity with the known strains FJ618821, AB479397, AJ244290 and AB447878 separately and their relative taxonomy groups also be found. Methanosaeta and Methanosarcina were the main clusters in archaeal community, so methane production approach was acetic acid-based. Intermediate metabolites VFAs analysis was combined with different metabolic functions comparison, which confirmed the corresponding relationship between archaeal community diversity and its metabolism function.