Vegetative fallows and potential value of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) in the tropics

Research into the systems of agriculture based on vegetative fallows should begin from enquiries into the shrubs and trees most efficient in restoring soil productivity and providing firewood, timber, fodder and other products essential to meeting basic needs at the rural household and community level. Local processing of such products can give rise to the establishment of thriving village industries and thus generate employment and additional income. Neem tree,Azadirachta indica, of the semiarid regions is one outstanding example of a species which is not only an efficient soil ameliorant but can also provide a series of products highly competitive in price and quality with petroleum-based synthetics. Enough scientific evidence has been gathered from several hundred references on the subject to warrant the launching of a well coordinated multidisciplinary research and development programme leading to agricultural, industrial and commercial exploitation of this tree. Proposals for the implementation of several projects within the programme are briefly outlined in this paper.