The Top of the Biomimetic Triangle |
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Authors: | ,rei PSommer,Dan Zhu,Matthias Wiora,Hans-Joerg Fecht |
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Institution: | [1]Institute of Micro and Nanomaterials, University of Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany [2]Institute for Nanotechnology, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany |
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Abstract: | There is increasing observational evidence indicating that crystalline interfacial water layers play a central role in evolution and biology. For instance in cellular recognition processes, in particular during first contact events, where cells decide upon survival or entering apoptosis. Understanding water layers is thus crucial in biomedical engineering, specifically in the design of biomaterials inspired by biomimetic principles. Whereas there is ample experimental evidence for crystalline interfacial water layers on surfaces in air, their subaquatic presence could not be verified directly, so far. Analysing a polarity dependent asym- metry in the surface conductivity on hydrogenated nanocrystalline diamond, we show that crystalline interfacial water layers persist subaquatically. Nanoscopic interfacial water layers with an order different from that of bulk water have been identified at room temperature on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic model surfaces - in air and subaquatically. Their generalization and systematic inclusion into the catalogue of physical and chemical determinants of biocompatibility complete the biomimetic triangle. |
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Keywords: | biomimetic triangle crystalline interfacial water layers nanobionics diamond |
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