细胞对纳米材料的胞吞及其胞内定位相关机制的研究进展

纳米材料具有独特的理化性质，其在纳米生物医药技术中得到广泛的研究，有着良好的应用前景。纳米材料的尺寸分布在纳米级。使其入胞途径和转运方式与一般尺寸的物质略有不同。细胞可通过网格蛋白介导胞吞、陷窝小泡介导胞吞、吞噬作用和巨胞饮等胞吞方式摄取纳米颗粒。吞噬的方式及后续的转运和定位受细胞的类型、状态，以及纳米颗粒的理化性质如元素组成、尺寸、形状、电荷、表面修饰等多种因素共同影响。

Advances in the Researches on Endocytosis and Cellular Localization of Nanomaterials and Associated Mechanisms

In recent years, with the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, the pharmacological activity and potential value of clinic application have been attracting more and more people to explore the mechanism of the interaction between cells and nanopaticles. The current researches have uncovered that nanoparticles and bulk materials are uptaken by cells in different ways including clathrin-mediated endocytosis, caveolae-mediated endocytosis, phagocytosis and macropinocytosis, which are highly dependent on cell-types and physicochemical properties of particles such as size, charge, elemental composition, surface area and surface chemistry. This review will focus on the advances of the researches on the mechenism of endocytosis and cellular localization of nanoparticles.