内蒙古和林格尔县土城子遗址战国时期人群的体质量

体质量推算作为体质人类学的一项重要研究方法,为衡量古代居民体型提供了新的途径,同时也为解决考古学、历史学问题提供了新的研究思路。本文通过"生物力学"和"形态测量学"两种方法对内蒙古和林格尔县土城子遗址2005年出土的34例战国时期人骨标本进行了体质量推算。统计分析结果表明,该组男性居民的平均体质量约为67.21kg,女性居民的平均体质量约为54.63kg,男女两性之间的差异显著。通过与战国时期内蒙古长城地带井沟子居民的比较分析,土城子男性居民在平均体质量上明显大于井沟子男性居民,并且体质量值整体分布偏高,而女性组则差异不显著。结合考古学、历史学相关研究材料,该数据为土城子居民为戍边军士的身份提供了进一步的证据。

A research on the body mass of ancient human in Warring States Period from the Tuchengzi cemetery,Inner Mongolia

As an important method of physical anthropological study, body mass estimation provide a new approach to understand the body shape of ancient population. Based on the approaches of biomechanical and morphometric, four different formulae which based on different populations were used. This paper describes the research on body mass estimation of 34 skeletal samples of Warring States period unearthed from Tuchengzi cemetery in Inner Mongolia in 2005. Through statistic analysis, the result shows that the average body mass of Tuchengzi in male is 67.21kg, while the result in female is 54.63kg, there exists a significant difference between genders. Comparing with the data of Jinggouzi, an ancient population lived simultaneously in the same region, the average body mass of Tuchengzi group is much heavier than the Jinggouzi group, so does the distribution in the whole population while the difference in female group is not significant. Combining with the result of archaeological and historical research, it supports the verdict that the Tuchengzi population is guarder who were guarding city there.