基于营养视角的中国食物进口需求研究

基于2000-2016年中国食物进口数据，从营养视角考察了中国热量及主要供能营养素进口来源分布情况，并实证估计了中国各营养成分进口需求弹性。研究发现：美国、巴西、阿根廷和东盟是中国热量、蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物进口的主要来源地；从支出弹性来看，美国和阿根廷的热量及主要营养素的支出富有弹性；所有营养的自价格弹性都为负。交叉价格弹性结果表明，在中国热量进口市场，美国与巴西和东盟之间表现出显著的替代关系；在蛋白质和脂肪进口市场，美国与巴西之间均表现出显著的替代关系；在脂肪进口市场，东盟与巴西和阿根廷之间存在着显著的互补关系；在碳水化合物进口市场，美国与东盟之间存在较强的替代关系。

Research on Chinese Food Import Demand Based on Nutrition Perspective

Based on Chinese food import data from 2000 to 2016, this paper examines the sourcedistribution of China's energy and main energy supply nutrients, and estimates the elasticity of import demand for each nutrient. The results indicate that the United States, Brazil, Argentina and ASEAN are the main sources of China's imports of energy and major nutrients. The expenditure elasticity results show that the expenditures of energy and major nutrients in the United States and Argentina are flexible.The self-price elasticity of all nutrition is negative. Cross-price elasticity results suggest that there are competing or complementary relationships among the main food import countries.