荒漠植物性状权衡策略及功能多样性研究进展

荒漠植物是干旱区具有独特功能性状与资源权衡表征的地带性植物。植物功能性状及其多样性格局与资源权衡策略对群落结构优化和生态系统功能改善起着关键作用。该综述主要从荒漠植物组织、器官功能性状特征、功能性状权衡策略、功能多样性组分及测度3个方面梳理了荒漠植物性状权衡策略与功能多样性研究的进展脉络：1）荒漠植物独特的根、茎、叶功能性状特征揭露了植被对环境变化的响应以及对生态系统功能的影响,基于植物功能性状的研究有助于解决许多生态学的关键性问题;2）作为植物功能性状之间存在的最普遍的联系,权衡策略是经过自然筛选后形成的性状组合,关键性状已经被发掘并创造性的提出了"经济谱"概念。荒漠植物研究过程中,应分析其根、茎、叶的特征属性筛选关键性状,着眼于关键性状间及整株植物性状间的权衡策略;3）功能多样性是影响生态系统运行和发挥作用的生物多样性的重要组成部分,荒漠植物功能多样性能预测和指示群落中物种对于荒漠生态系统功能发挥和过程变化的影响。功能多样性的组分可以从不同角度反映群落的生态位占据状况和资源利用程度,指数的选择要体现在群落内部物种的功能特征之间的差异程度,同时要考虑这些物种自身在群落内的优势程度。本研究为未来荒漠植物功能性状及多样性研究梳理了一些新的研究方向和内容,期望为荒漠植物生理生态学研究的选题和发展提供一些新的思路。

Research progress on the trade-off strategy and functional diversity of desert plants

Desert plants are zonal plants with unique functional traits and resource balance in arid areas. Plant functional traits and their diversity patterns and resource balancing strategies play a key role in the optimization of community structure and the improvement of ecosystem functions. This review summarized the research progress on functional diversity and trade-off strategies from three aspects:the functional traits of desert plant tissues and organs, the trade-off strategy of functional traits, components and measures of functional diversity. 1) The unique root, stem, and leaf functional traits of desert plants reveal the response of vegetation to the environmental changes and the impact on ecosystem functions. Research based on plant functional traits can help solve many key ecological problems; 2) As the most common relationship between plant functional traits, the trade-off relationship is a combination of traits formed after natural screening. Key traits have been discovered and the concept of "economic spectrum" has been creatively proposed. In the process of desert plant research, the characteristic attributes of desert plant roots, stems and leaves should be analyzed to screen key traits, focusing on the trade-off relationship between key traits and the whole plant traits; 3) The functional diversity is an important part of biodiversity that affects the operation and function of ecosystems. The functional diversity of desert plants can predict and indicate the impact of species in the community on the functioning and process changes of desert ecosystems. The components of functional diversity can reflect the niche occupancy status and resource utilization degree of the community from different angles. The choice of index should be reflected in the degree of difference between the functional characteristics of the species within the community, and at the same time, the species themselves should be considered the degree of dominance within the community. Finally, this article combs some new research directions and contents for future research on the functional traits and diversity of desert plants, and hopes to provide some new ideas for the topic selection and development of desert plant physiology and ecology.