A reductionist cell-free major histocompatibility complex class II antigen processing system identifies immunodominant epitopes |
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Authors: | Hartman Isamu Z Kim AeRyon Cotter Robert J Walter Kimberly Dalai Sarat K Boronina Tatiana Griffith Wendell Lanar David E Schwenk Robert Krzych Urszula Cole Robert N Sadegh-Nasseri Scheherazade |
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Affiliation: | Graduate Program in Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. |
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Abstract: | Immunodominance is defined as restricted responsiveness of T cells to a few selected epitopes from complex antigens. Strategies currently used for elucidating CD4(+) T cell epitopes are inadequate. To understand the mechanism of epitope selection for helper T cells, we established a cell-free antigen processing system composed of defined proteins: human leukocyte antigen-DR1 (HLA-DR1), HLA-DM and cathepsins. Our reductionist system successfully identified the physiologically selected immunodominant epitopes of two model antigens: hemagglutinin-1 (HA1) from influenza virus (A/Texas/1/77) and type II collagen (CII). When applied for identification of new epitopes from a recombinant liver-stage antigen of malaria falciparum (LSA-NRC) or HA1 from H5N1 influenza virus ('avian flu'), the system selected single epitopes from each protein that were confirmed to be immunodominant by their capacity to activate CD4(+) T cells from H5N1-immunized HLA-DR1-transgenic mice and LSA-NRC-vaccinated HLA-DR1-positive human volunteers. Thus, we provide a new tool for the identification of physiologically relevant helper T cell epitopes from antigens. |
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