Scalable Manufacturing of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Vertical‐Wheel Bioreactor System: An Experimental and Economic Approach

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) hold great promise for tissue engineering applications and cell‐based therapies. Large cell doses (>1 × 10⁶ cells kg^?1) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)‐compliant processes are however required for clinical purposes. Here, a serum‐ and xenogeneic‐free (S/XF) microcarrier‐based culture system is established for the expansion of human umbilical cord matrix (UCM)‐ and adipose tissue (AT)‐derived MSC using the Vertical‐Wheel system (PBS‐0.1 MAG; PBS Biotech). UCM and AT MSC are expanded to maximum cell densities of 5.3 ± 0.4 × 10⁵ cell mL^?1 (n = 3) and 3.6 ± 0.7 × 10⁵ cell mL^?1 (n = 3), respectively, after 7 days of culture, while maintaining their identity, according to standard criteria. An economic evaluation of the process transfer from T‐flasks to PBS‐0.1 MAG shows a reduction in the costs associated with the production of a dose for an average 70 kg adult patient (i.e., 70 million cells). Costs decrease from $17.0 K to $11.1 K for UCM MSC and from $21.5 K to $11.1 K for AT MSC, proving that the transition to Vertical‐Wheel reactors provides a cost‐effective alternative for MSC expansion. The present work reports the establishment of a scalable and cost‐effective culture platform for the manufacturing of UCM and AT MSC in a S/XF microcarrier‐based system.