人类活动对云南哀牢山小型兽类群落结构的影响

本文涉及云南景东哀牢山徐家坝森林地区，不同强度人类活动对小兽群落结构的影响，结果表明：1．在原生常绿阔叶林中小兽16种，数量9．81％，中华姬鼠和中华句胃为优势种：在原生林遭砍伐而演替为次生林内6种；数量1．18％；中华姬鼠和社鼠占优；在原生林遭严重破坏所形成的毛蕨草地上5种，数量0．92％，巢鼠为优势种，2．上述3种栖息地中小兽密度依次为每公顷36．05只，5．30只，和4．35只；生物量依次为每公顷917．18克，205．0克和107．75克，初步结论是：1．森林遭破坏后小兽群落组成，数量以及物种相对丰盛度均发生变化，2．物种多样性随森林破坏强度的加大而减少；3．森林破坏强度越大，小兽密度和生物量则越小。

EFFECTS OFHUMAN ACTIVITY ON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SMALL MAMMALS IN AILAO MOUNTAIN

The effects of human activity on community structure of small mammals in a wet evergreen broadleave forest of Ailao Mountain has been described. The results show that: (1) Three habitats or biotopes can be divided in this area, namely, the primary forest, the secondary forest which had been primary forest and destructed by human activity as well as the grassland which had been primary forest and destructed severely by human activity. (2) There are 16 species in the primary forest and the capture rate is 9.81%, of which, Apodemus draco and Neotetracus sinensis are the dominant species. Six species in the secondary forest and the capture rate is 1.18% and A. draco and Rattus niviventer are the dominant species. Five species in the grassland and the rate is 0.92% and the dominant species is Micromys minutus. ( 3) Average density and biomass is 36.05 / ha and 917.18g/ ha in the primary forest, 5.307 ha and 205.03g/ ha in the secondary forest as well as 4.35 / ha and 107.15g/ ha in the grassland. Therefore, the conclusion should be: The community composition, number and relative abundance of small mammal species have been changed. The increase of disturbed intensity of forest leads to the declines of the species diversity, moreover, the larger of the disturbance intensity, the smaller of the density and biomass.