Caveolae and transcytosis in endothelial cells: role in atherosclerosis |
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Authors: | Philippe G Frank Stephanos Pavlides Michael P Lisanti |
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Institution: | (1) Kimmel Cancer Center, Departments of Cancer Biology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;(2) Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA |
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Abstract: | The endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of molecular exchanges between the blood and peripheral tissues.
The transport of molecules between tissues must be tightly controlled in order to maintain homeostasis between the different
organs of the body. The endothelial transcytosis pathway has been shown to direct the transfer of proteins and solutes and
therefore to act as a filtering system. This transport mode has been demonstrated to involve plasma-membrane vesicles that
may be transferred with their cargo components from the apical to the basal side of endothelial cells. Among the vesicles
implicated in the regulation of transcytosis, caveolae, which are 50 to 100-nm plasma-membrane invaginations, have been reported
to play an essential part. In this paper, we review the function of caveolae and their major protein component (i.e., caveolin-1)
in the regulation of endothelial transcytosis. The roles of caveolae in vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, are discussed.
P.G.F. is supported by grants from the W.W. Smith Charitable Trust Fund and the Susan G. Komen Foundation. M.P.L. is supported
by grants from the National Institutes of Health and the American Heart Association. |
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Keywords: | Caveolin Atherosclerosis Lipoprotein Cancer Endothelium |
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