青海果洛藏族自治州景观空间变化与生态评价

青海果洛藏族自治州位于黄河源头地区,地处青藏高原腹地,是我国海拔最高、单一民族成份比例最高的自治州.论文利用2006年遥感数据,结合野外调查,以果洛藏族自治州为例,研究黄河源头地区景观的空间结构特征和沿黄河廊道景观空间格局的镶嵌,分析了黄河两岸景观廊道的变化.并选用生态适宜性指标进行生态评价,分析了自治州六个县的生态环境适宜性.研究结果表明:果洛州主要是以草地、灌木灌丛等类型为主的资源景观,各种草地景观连接度较高.廊道效应在距离黄河10 km内作用明显,影响区域景观格局的驱动因素包括自然因素和人为因素两大方面.研究结果对于果洛藏族自治州乃至黄河源头地区的生态环境保护具有指导作用.

Analysis of landscape change and ecological assessment of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province

Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,located in the Yellow River Headwaters region,is one of prefectures with the highest altitude,the worst climate,the most difficult environment,the least socio-economic development and the highest proportion of mono-ethnic composition in China.The ecological environment is very sensitive and fragile and the ecological problems become increasingly serious,which have posed a bad impact on the local socio-economic development and the ecological environment,as well as people's property safety of the middle and lower reaches of Yellow River.Based on the data of 2006 Landsat7 ETM image,by use of RS and GIS,the landscape pattern of Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture was analyzed.The corridor effect of the Yellow River was obvious when in 10 kilometers and had a scale restriction.Finally,the ecological functions of county zone were concluded according to ecological suitability.And also some management measures about the ecological planning were suggested.This study provided a strong theoretical and technical basis for the region's ecological protection policy formulation and scientific environmental management.