基于MATLAB轨迹跟踪研究重金属铜对鲢幼鱼自发游泳行为的影响

鱼类行为的改变可以作为识别突发环境污染的一项敏感指标。为了量化鱼类对重金属污染的行为响应, 通过视频记录及MATLAB软件定量分析了不同浓度急性铜暴露(0、1、2、3、4 mg/L)对幼鱼的呼吸代谢、运动行为及幼鱼组织中铜离子含量。结果表明: 重金属铜离子存在对鲢幼鱼(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)的运动时间比和呼吸频率影响显著(P<0.05), 随着铜离子浓度增大, 鲢幼鱼运动时长下降, 当铜离子浓度为4 mg/L时运动时长最小(t=8min), 比对照组减少了72.41%; 鲢幼鱼5min内的平均运动速度、平均加速度和总运动路程随着铜离子浓度增大而逐渐减小, 最小平均速度为29.50 mm/s, 最小平均正加速度大小为45.18 mm/s2, 最小平均负加速度大小为42.64 mm/s2, 加速的能力强于减速能力; 鲢幼鱼各组织中铜含量的顺序为: 肝脏>鳃>肌肉, 但差异不显著。研究结果可为水质预警和快速评价水体的综合毒性提供基础数据和理论基础。

THE EFFECT OF COPPER ON THE SWIMMING ABILITY OF JUVENILE SILVER CARP BASED ON MATLAB TRAJECTORY TRACKING

Fish behavior change can be used as a sensitive indicator to identify sudden environmental pollution. This study conducted a quantitative analysis on a respiratory metabolism, swim behavior and copper content in tissues of silver carp under different copper concentration (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg/L). The results indicated that the exercise duration and the respiratory frequency of juvenile silver carp were significantly affected by the copper concentration. As the copper concentration increased, the exercise duration declined significantly. When the copper concentration was 4.00 mg/L, the exercise duration decreased by 72.41% compared with the control group. The increased copper concentration reduced the average speed, average acceleration and total distance in 5-min exercise duration. The minimum average speed, minimum average positive acceleration and the minimum average negative acceleration were 29.50 mm/s, 45.18 mm/s2 and 42.64 mm/s2, respectively. Positive acceleration was higher than the negative acceleration. The copper content in tissues of juvenile silver carp was: liver>gill>muscle, but without significant difference among tissues. The study provides basic data and theoretical basis of water quality by monitoring fish behaviors changes to give early warning and comprehensive evaluation on the toxicity level.