淀山湖翘嘴鲌的年龄结构与生长特性

研究翘嘴鲌的年龄结构与生长特征可为探其繁殖、性成熟年龄、存活率等习性积累有效数据, 并可为优化鱼类种群结构、科学利用其种质资源提供参考依据。以2016年5月至2017年4月逐月于淀山湖采集到的452尾翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)为研究材料, 研究其年龄结构与生长特征间的紧密联系。结果表明: 翘嘴鲌体长15.32—77.91 cm; 体重范围43—5567 g。雌雄群体间的体长和体重的差异不显著(P>0.05), 体长和体重拟合关系式为W=0.00002L2.9211 (R2=0.9143, n=452), 符合匀速生长特性; 选用鳞片鉴定年龄、测量鳞径, 并建立von Berta-lanffy生长方程, L_t=99.65[1–e–0.1357(t+0.6287)]; W_t=11874.27[1–e–0.1357(t+0.6287)]2.9211。采集的翘嘴鲌样本由1—6龄组成, 优势年龄组3龄, 占样本总数的55.71%, 表明生长趋于低龄化、小型化; 生长拐点年龄为7.2711龄时对应的体长和体重分别为65.54 cm和3471.79 g。

AGE STRUCTURE AND GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTER ALBURNUS FROM DIANSHAN LAKE

Age structure and growth characteristics of Culter alburnus provide a theoretical basis for the artificial reproduction, sexual maturity age, survival rate to optimize the structure of fish stocks, the scientific use of its germplasm resources and to provide reference resource utilization and conservation of the species. To study the relationship between age structure and growth characteristics, a total of 452 Culter alburnus individuals were collected in the Dianshan Lake from May 2016 to July 2017. The results showed that the body length of Culter alburnus ranged from 15.32 to 77.91 cm, and that body weight ranged from 43 to 5567 g. There were no significant differences in body length and body weight between female and male (P>0.05). The relationship between body weight and body length was described by the linear equation:W=0.00002L2.9211 (R2=0.9143, n=452), which is consistent with uniform growth characteristics. The growth pattern of Culter alburnus was described by the von Bertalanffy equation as L_t=99.65[1–e–0.1357(t+0.6287)], W_t=11874.27[1–e–0.1357(t+0.6287)]2.9211, selection of scale identification age, measurement scale radius. The age of the fish ranged from one to six years with dominated ones with three year-old (55.71%), which revealed a growth trend of youth and miniaturization. The inflection point of the growth curve occurred at 7.2711 years with a body length of 65.54 cm and weight of 3471.79 g.