贯叶连翘愈伤组织中分泌细胞群的发生与金丝桃素类物质的积累

贯叶连翘(Hypericum perforatum L．)是一种传统草药,在欧洲被广泛用于治疗抑郁症。其重要的活性成分,金丝桃素类物质储存在茎、叶和花瓣的分泌细胞团中。本文应用组织化学及电子显微镜技术,研究体外培养的贯叶连翘叶肉细胞脱分化产生愈伤组织以及细胞发育过程中金丝桃素类物质的积累、运输的情况,进一步探讨细胞的生长发育与次生代谢产物的关系。发现金丝桃素类物质产生于愈伤组织培养后期,在愈伤组织表面所形成的分泌细胞群中,最初在细胞质中形成,之后运输至液泡中积累,内质网参与了金丝桃素类物质的合成过程。这些结果为利用组织培养技术提高金丝桃素类物质含量提供了理论基础和依据。

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SECONDARY CELLS IN THE CALLUS OF HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L. AND HYPERICINS ACCUMULATION

Hypericum perforatum L.is a kind of traditional herbal medicine that has been used as an anti-depression medicine in Europe for centuries.One of its biological active com- pound,hypericins,is stored in the special secondary structure,black nodules,which located in the stems,leaves and flowers.Most researches focus on the development of the black nodules in vivo and how to culture the plant to produce more hypericins.We studied the process of de-differentia- tion from explants to callus and the pathway of hypericins biosynthesis in callus and cells of H. perforatum L.which reflected the relationship between the cell development and secondary metabo- lites accumulation.The morphogenesis of cells development and hypericins accumulation were stud- ied by electron microscopy and histological technologies. Hypericins began to accumulate in a bunch of secondary ceils located on the surface of the callus in late development period.Hypericins initially produced in the cytoplasm and were trans- ported into the vacuole and then accumulated.E.R.took apart in the process of hypericins pro- duction.Theses results supplied the gap of hypericins production and accumulation in vitro and gave some useful information regarding mass-production hypericins by tissue and cell culture tech- nology.