Bacterial Antagonist as Seed Treatment to Control Leaf Blight Disease of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea) |
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Authors: | Ashara Pengnoo Ruedeekorn Wiwattanapattapee Amornrat Chumthong Mana Kanjanamaneesathian |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai campus, Songkhla province, 90112, Thailand;(2) Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai campus, Songkhla province, 90112, Thailand;(3) Bio-Production Program, Faculty of Technology and Management, Prince of Songkla University, Surat Thani campus, P. O. Box 8, Khun Talay Post Office, Muang District, Surat Thani province, Thailand |
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Abstract: | Summay Soil samples were taken from 48 fields in the southern part of Thailand in which either bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) or groundnut (Arachis hypogeae) had been planted. Bacillus spp. were isolated using soil dilution plates and heat treatment to screen for endospore-producing bacteria. Among 342 Bacillus spp. isolates tested, 168 isolates were not antagonistic to Bradyrhizobium sp. strain NC-92 using dual culture technique. Further testing found 16 isolates of Bacillus spp. had the ability to inhibit mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani, a causal agent of leaf blight of bambara groundnut. Among these isolates, Bacillus spp. isolate TRV 9-5-2 had the greatest activity in anti-microbial tests against R. solani. This isolate was later identified as B. firmus. A powder formulation of B. firmus was developed by mixing bacterial endospores, talcum, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC) and polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP). The formulations contained bacterial levels ranging from 108 to 1010 c.f.u./g and the viability of bacteria in all formulations remained high after 1 year storage at room temperature (26–32 °C). All formulations showed satisfactory effectiveness in vitro in suppressing mycelial growth of R. solani using dual culture technique. The application of formulations as seed treatment showed that these formulations did not cause abnormality of seedling shape and had no effect on the germination of bambara groundnut seeds. |
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Keywords: | Biological control Rhizoctonia solani Vigna subterranea seed treatment |
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