青海省芨芨草草原的群落特征及其分布规律

芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens)是一种旱生植物,广泛分布于欧亚草原和荒漠地区。它是一种生态可塑性很强的植物,可分布于草原、荒漠草原等植被带内。以其为优势种可以形成盐生草甸、草原、荒漠草原等多种植被类型。青海省共和盆地、青海湖盆地和柴达木盆地东部等地大面积分布有芨芨草群落,并和本区分布的其他草原类型形成基带植被。无论是其生境条件、生物生态学特性、群落的组成及分布规律均具有草原性质,应划归草原植被类型较为合适。

COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS AND DISTRIBUTION LAWS OF ACHNATHERUM STEPPE IN QINGHAI PROVINCE

Achnatherum splendens is a xerophyte which distributes spreadly in the Eurasia steppe and desert area. It is a species with wide ecological amplitude. It can distribute in the vegetation zone of steppe and desert steppe. As a dominant plant, Achnatherum can form many vegetation types in various habitats, such as salt mcadow, steppe, desert steppe Communities dominated by Achnatherum splendens, which widely distributes in the Gonghe Basin, the Qinghai Lake Basin and the eastern of Qaidam Basin of Qinghai Province, constitute horizontal zone vegetation types. Based on lots of field investigations, the characteristics and distribution laws of Achnatherum communities was cummarized and analyzed in this paper. According to the habitat condition, biological and ecological characteristics of this species, species component and distribution of the communities, Achnatherum communities distributed in these region has significant characteristics of steppe. So it should be considered as one of steppe types.