Cancer in Guam and Hawaii: A comparison of two U.S. Island populations |
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| Institution: | 1. Hawaii Tumor Registry, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 701 Ilalo St., Honolulu, HI 96813, USA;2. Guam Cancer Registry, Cancer Research Center of Guam, University of Guam, House #7, Dean Circle, UOG Station, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA;3. Guam Department of Public Health and Social Services, Office of Epidemiology and Research, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA;1. Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States;2. Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States;1. Group of Evaluation of Health Determinants and Health Policies, Department of Basic Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain;2. Tobacco Control Unit, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Institut Català d’Oncologia, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;3. Cancer Prevention and Control Group, Institut d''Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge – IDIBELL, L''Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;4. Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;5. Group of Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience, Neurosciences Programme, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;6. Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;7. Addictions Unit, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;8. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;1. Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal;2. Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, SE 701 82 Örebro, Sweden;3. Department of Statistics, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden;4. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden;5. Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;6. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, WC1E 6BT London, UK;1. Department of Oncology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada;2. Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada;3. Division of Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen’s University Cancer Research Institute, Canada;1. Registre des cancers du Bas-Rhin, U1113, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Kirschleger, 67085 Strasbourg, France;2. Service de santé publique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l’hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France;3. Registre des cancers de la Manche, Centre Hospitalier Public du Cotentin, 46 rue du Val de Saire, 50102 Cherbourg-Octeville, France;4. Registre des tumeurs de l''Hérault, Centre de Recherche, 208 rue des Apothicaires, 34298 Montpellier, France;5. Registre général des tumeurs du Calvados, Cancers & Préventions – U1086 Inserm, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris BP 5026, 14076 Caen, France;6. Registre des tumeurs du Doubs et du Territoire de Belfort, EA3181, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire, 25030 Besançon, France;7. Registre des cancers du Tarn, 1, rue Lavazière, BP 37, 81001 Albi cedex, France;8. Institut Claudius Regaud, Centre régional de lutte contre le cancer, IUCT-O, Registre des cancers du Tarn, 31059 Toulouse, France;9. Registre des hémopathies malignes de Basse-Normandie, Unité Fonctionnelle Hospitalo-Universitaire n°0350, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14033 Caen, France;10. Registre des cancers de l’Isère, CHU de Grenoble, Pavillon E BP 217, 38043 Grenoble 9, France;11. Registre du cancer de la Somme, Service Épidémiologie Hygiène et Santé Publique, CHU Nord, 80054 Amiens, France;12. Service d’épidémiologie et de biostatistique, Centre Paul Strauss, 3 rue de la Porte de l’hôpital, 67065 Strasbourg, France |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundCancer disparities within and across populations provide insight into the influence of lifestyle, environment, and genetic factors on cancer risk.MethodsGuam cancer incidence and mortality were compared to that of Hawaii using data from their respective population-based, central cancer registries.ResultsIn 2009–2013, overall cancer incidence was substantially lower in Guam than in Hawaii for both sexes while overall cancer mortality was higher for Guam males. Cervical cancer incidence and prostate cancer mortality were higher in Guam. Both incidence and mortality were higher among Guam men for cancers of the lung & bronchus, liver & intrahepatic bile duct, and nasopharynx; Chamorro men were disproportionately affected by these cancers. Filipinos and Whites in Guam had lower overall cancer incidence compared to Filipinos and Whites in Hawaii. Although breast cancer incidence was significantly lower in Guam compared to Hawaii, women in Guam presented at younger ages and with rarer disease histologies such as inflammatory carcinoma were more prevalent. Guam patients were also diagnosed at younger ages for cancers of bladder, pancreas, colon & rectum, liver & intrahepatic bile duct, lung & bronchus, stomach, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and leukemia.ConclusionSmoking, infectious agents, and betel nut chewing appear to be important contributors to the burden of cancer in Guam. Earlier onset of cancer in Guam suggests earlier age of exposure to key risk factors and/or a more aggressive pathogenesis. Contrasting cancer patterns within Guam and between Guam and Hawaii underscore the potential influence of genes, lifestyle, and environmental factors on cancer development and progression. |
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| Keywords: | Guam Hawaii Chamorro Native Hawaiian Cancer Incidence Mortality |
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