The male ejaculate as inhibitor of female remating in two tephritid flies |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecoetológicas de Moscas de la Fruta y sus Enemigos Naturales (LIEMEN), PROIMI-Biotecnología CONICET, Tucumán, Argentina;2. INBIOTECA, Universidad Veracruzana, Av. de las Culturas Veracruzanas 101, Col. E. Zapata, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;3. Instituto de Ecología A.C., Antigua Carretera a Coatepec, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;4. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;5. Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico;1. Department of Electronics, Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Motoota 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;2. Department of Information and Electronics Engineering, Niigata Institute of Technology, Fujihashi 1719, Kashiwazaki, Niigata 945-1195, Japan;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;2. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Ferrometallurgy, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;4. Laboratory for Microstructures, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;5. Department of Chemistry and Physics, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC 28301, USA;1. The H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;2. Research Center for Structural Thermodynamics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;3. Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;4. Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland |
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| Abstract: | The inhibition of female receptivity after copulation is usually related to the quality of the first mating. Males are able to modulate female receptivity through various mechanisms. Among these is the transfer of the ejaculate composed mainly by sperm and accessory gland proteins (AGPs). Here we used the South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus (where AGP injections inhibit female receptivity) and the Mexican fruit fly Anastrepha ludens (where injection of AGPs failed to inhibit receptivity) as study organisms to test which mechanisms are used by males to prevent remating. In both species, neither the act of copulation without ejaculate transfer nor sperm stored inhibited female receptivity. Moreover, using multiply mated sterile and wild males in Mex flies we showed that the number of sperm stored by females varied according to male fertility status and number of previous matings, while female remating did not. We suggest female receptivity in both flies is inhibited by the mechanical and/or physiological effect of the full ejaculate. This finding brings us closer to understanding the mechanisms through which female receptivity can be modulated. |
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| Keywords: | Female remating Sperm effect Sperm depletion Multiple mating Accessory glands Diptera |
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