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Geographic patterns of change over time in mammography: Differences between Black and White U.S. Medicare enrollees
Affiliation:1. Department of Social Work and Social Ecology, Loma Linda University, 1898 Business Center Drive, Suite 202, San Bernardino, CA 92408, USA;2. School of Public Health, Center for Community Resilience, Loma Linda University, 24951 North Circle Drive, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;3. School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, 11065 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;1. Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, and Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA;2. Departments of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;3. Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan;5. Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan;6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China Center of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China;7. Department of Oral Surgery, West China Center of Medical Sciences, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China;8. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jiangsu key lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, China;9. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China;10. Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;11. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;12. Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China;13. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Liaoning, China;14. Department of Head & Neck Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan, China;15. Institute for Translational Epidemiology and Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA;p. Department of Epidemiology and Center for Environmental Genomics, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Registre général des Cancers de Guadeloupe, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe;2. Service d’anatomopathologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe;3. Service d’Oncologie-Radiothérapie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe;4. Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier de la Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe;5. Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Guadeloupe, Guadeloupe;6. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Inserm U1085 - IRSET, Campus Universitaire de Fouillole, Guadeloupe;1. Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, CA, USA;2. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;3. Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. University of Tampere, School of Health Sciences, Tampere, Finland;2. Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland;3. Tampere University Hospital, Department of Urology and University of Tampere, Medical School, Tampere, Finland;4. Department of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;5. Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden;6. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre, Department of Surgery and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, New York, NY, USA;7. Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland;1. College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331;2. Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX 78714;1. Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, United States;2. Department of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States;3. Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
Abstract:U.S. Black women have higher breast cancer mortality compared to White women while their rate of ever having a mammogram has become equal to or slightly surpassed that of Whites. We mapped the distribution of change in screening mammography for Black and White female Medicare enrollees ages 67–69 from 2008 to 2012 by hospital referral region across the contiguous U.S., performed cluster analysis to assess spatial autocorrelation, and examined the screening differences between these groups in 2008 and 2012 respectively. Changes in screening mammography are not consistent across the U.S.: Black and White women have increased and decreased their use of mammography in different regions and Black women’s change patterns vary more widely.
Keywords:Breast cancer  Mammography  Geographic information systems (GIS)  Black/African American  Health disparities
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