Candida parapsilosis: A versatile biocatalyst for organic oxidation-reduction reactions |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India;2. National Center for Catalysis Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India;3. Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, India;1. Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan;2. Department of Genome Informatics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute of Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;1. Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa;2. Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria;3. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4041, South Africa;4. Center for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA |
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| Abstract: | This review highlights the importance of the biocatalyst, Candida parapsilosis for oxidation and reduction reactions of organic compounds and establishes its versatility to generate a variety of chiral synthons. Appropriately designed reactions using C. parapsilosis effect efficient catalysis of organic transformations such as deracemization, enantioselective reduction of prochiral ketones, imines, and kinetic resolution of racemic alcohols via selective oxidation. This review includes the details of these biotransformations, catalyzed by whole cells (wild type and recombinant strains), purified enzymes (oxidoreductases) and immobilized whole cells of C. parapsilosis. The review presents a bioorganic perspective as it discusses the chemo, regio and stereoselectivity of the biocatalyst along with the structure of the substrates and optical purity of the products. Fermentation scale biocatalysis using whole cells of C. parapsilosis for several biotransformations to synthesize important chiral synthons/industrial chemicals is included. A comparison of C. parapsilosis with other whole cell biocatalysts for biocatalytic deracemization and asymmetric reduction of carbonyl and imine groups in the synthesis of a variety of enantiopure products is presented which will provide a basis for the choice of a biocatalyst for a desired organic transformation. Thus, a wholesome perspective on the present status of C. parapsilosis mediated organic transformations and design of new reactions which can be considered for large scale operations is provided. Taken together, C. parapsilosis can now be considered a ‘reagent’ for the organic transformations discussed here. |
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| Keywords: | Deracemization Kinetic resolution Asymmetric reduction Oxidoreductases Protein engineered carbonyl reductases Fermentation scale biotransformation |
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