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The effect of undissolved air on isochoric freezing
Affiliation:1. Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal;2. Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Instituto superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal;3. SmartFreez, Ed. Inovação II, Incubadora do Taguspark, Porto Salvo, Portugal;1. Transilvania University of Brasov, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Buil ding Services, Brasov, Romania;2. University Politehnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Thermotechnics, Engines, Thermal and Refrigeration Equipment Department, Bucharest, Romania;3. University of California Berkeley, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Berkeley, CA, USA;1. Transilvania University of Brasov, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Building Services, Brasov, Romania;2. University Politehnica of Bucharest, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Thermotechnics, Engines, Thermal and Refrigeration Equipment Department, Bucharest, Romania;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA;2. College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China;1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People''s Republic of China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA;4. Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA;5. Sylvatica Biotech Inc., Charleston, SC, 29406, USA
Abstract:This study evaluates the effect of undissolved air on isochoric freezing of aqueous solutions. Isochoric freezing is concerned with freezing in a constant volume thermodynamic system. A possible advantage of the process is that it substantially reduces the percentage of ice in the system at every subzero temperature, relative to atmospheric freezing. At the pressures generated by isochoric freezing, or high pressure isobaric freezing, air cannot be considered an incompressible substance and the presence of undissolved air substantially increases the amount of ice that forms at any subfreezing temperature. This effect is measurable at air volumes as low as 1%. Therefore eliminating the undissolved air, or any separate gaseous phase, from the system is essential for retaining the properties of isochoric freezing.
Keywords:Isochoric cryopreservation  Hyperbaric cryopreservation  Isochoric freezing
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