Occupation and risk of prostate cancer in Canadian men: A case-control study across eight Canadian provinces |
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| Institution: | 1. Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Canada;2. Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Canada;3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada;4. Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Canada;5. Institut Armand-Frappier, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Canada;6. CHAIM Research Centre, Carleton University, Canada;1. Cancer Epidemiology and Health Services Research Group, Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom;2. School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom;3. Centre of Excellence for Public Health (NI), Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom;1. Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States;2. University of Illinois at Chicago Cancer Center, Cancer Control and Population Science Research Program, Chicago, United States;3. Institute for Health Research and Policy, Chicago, United States;4. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States;5. School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;6. University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, United States;7. Survey Research Laboratory, Public Administration, University of Illinois at Chicago, 412 South Peoria Street, Chicago, 60607, United States;8. University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Medicine, Chicago, United States;9. Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States;1. University College London, UK;2. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK;3. MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, London, UK;1. Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, 525 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2L3, Canada;2. School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, POD 249, Toronto, Ontario M5B 2K3, Canada;3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3M7, Canada;4. Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, 150 Tunney''s Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada;5. Departments of Sociology and Economics, University of New Brunswick Fredericton Campus, P.O. Box 4400, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada;6. CAREX Canada, Faculty of Health Sciences, Blusson Hall 11300, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada;1. Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research Unioninkatu 22, 00130 Helsinki, Finland;2. University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, PO Box 41 (Mannerheimintie 172), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland;3. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, FI-33014 University of Tampere, Finland;1. Division of Population Science, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States;2. Center for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States;3. Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, United States |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe etiology of prostate cancer continues to be poorly understood, including the role of occupation. Past Canadian studies have not been able to thoroughly examine prostate cancer by occupation with detailed information on individual level factors.MethodsOccupation, industry and prostate cancer were examined using data from the National Enhanced Cancer Surveillance System, a large population-based case-control study conducted across eight Canadian provinces from 1994 to 1997. This analysis included 1737 incident cases and 1803 controls aged 50 to 79 years. Lifetime occupational histories were used to group individuals by occupation and industry employment. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and adjustments were made for known and possible risk factors.ResultsBy occupation, elevated risks were observed in farming and farm management (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.02–1.84), armed forces (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.06-1.65) and legal work (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 1.05–6.35). Elevated risks were also observed in office work (OR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.00–1.43) and plumbing (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.07–2.93) and with ≥10 years duration of employment. Decreased risks were observed in senior management (OR = 0.65, 95% CI 0.46–0.91), construction management (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.50–0.94) and travel work (OR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.88). Industry results were similar to occupation results, except for an elevated risk in forestry/logging (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.06–2.25) and a decreased risk in primary metal products (OR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.51–0.96).ConclusionThis study presents associations between occupation, industry and prostate cancer, while accounting for individual level factors. Further research is needed on potential job-specific exposures and screening behaviours. |
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| Keywords: | Prostate cancer Occupation Industry Case-control study Epidemiology |
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