大鼠运动病敏感性性别差异与相关脑区AVP及其V1b受体表达的关系

目的：检测不同性别大鼠旋转刺激后脑内相关区域精氨酸加压素（AVP）含量及V1b受体表达的变化,探讨AVP及受体参与运动病的可能机制。方法：给予SD大鼠30 min绕水平轴的旋转刺激,然后采用放免法检测相关脑区AVP含量,并通过荧光免疫组化方法测定相应脑区V1b受体的表达情况。结果：①在雌性大鼠,旋转刺激组各脑区AVP含量无显著性改变;对于雄性大鼠,对照组各检测脑区AVP含量高于雌性,旋转刺激组小脑、延髓内AVP含量的变化无显著性意义,但前脑、间脑、脑桥内AVP含量较对照组明显降低（P〈0.05）。②雌性大鼠视上核AVP的V1b受体表达阳性神经元数量旋转刺激组显著低于对照组（P〈0.05）,而前庭核、最后区V1b受体表达阳性神经元数量明显多于对照组（P〈0.05）;在雄性大鼠,旋转刺激组视上核与前庭核V1b受体表达阳性神经元数量无显著性改变,而最后区V1b受体表达阳性神经元数量有所增加（P〈0.05）,但增加幅度没有雌性大鼠明显。结论：前脑、间脑、脑桥内AVP含量与前庭核和最后区V1b受体表达及对旋转刺激反应的差异可能与运动病敏感性性别差异有关,并且前庭核、最后区可能是AVP-V1受体拮抗剂抗运动病作用的靶点。

The relationship of the content of AVP and the expression of V1b receptors in some brain areas with the sexual difference in the susceptibility of motion sickness in rats

Objective： To measure the content of arginine vasopressin（AVP） and V1b receptor expression in the brain areas in rats of both genders and after rotatory stimulation and thereby,to identify the involvement of AVP in the mechanisms of motion sickness.Methods： SD rats were rotated about a horizontal axis for 30 min,the content of AVP and the expression of V1b receptors in some brain areas were then measured with radioimmunological analysis and immunofluorescent method respectively.Results： We proved that： ①In female rats,the content of AVP in each area we measured in rotation group did not show any significant change compared with that in control group（P0.05）.In male rats,the AVP content of control group in each area was higher than that of female rats,but reduced by rotatory stimulation in forebrain,diencephalon and pontine（P0.05 or 0.01）,however,the changes in the cerebellum and medulla of rotation group were not significant（P0.05）.②The positive cell number of V1b receptor expression in the supraoptic nucleus of female rats in rotation group was lower,but higher in the vestibular nucleus and area postrema than that in control group（P0.05 or 0.01）.In male rats,the V1b receptor positive cell number in the supraoptic nucleus and vestibular nucleus of rotation group did not show significant change compared with that of control group（P0.05）,but a slight increase in the medulla of rotation group rats was observed（P0.05）.Conclusion： The gender difference in the susceptibility of motion sickness is potentially associated with the discrepancies in AVP content in the forebrain,diencephalon and pontine,in the expression of AVP-V1 receptors in the vestibular nucleus and area postrema,and in responses to rotatory stimulation,and that the vestibular nucleus and area postrema may be the areas targeted by AVP V1 receptor antagonist for antimotion sickness.