Female philopatry and male-biased dispersal in a direct-developing salamander, Plethodon cinereus |
| |
Authors: | Liebgold Eric B Brodie Edmund D Cabe Paul R |
| |
Institution: | Department of Biology, The University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4328, USA. caecilian@virginia.edu |
| |
Abstract: | The local resource competition hypothesis and the local mate competition hypothesis were developed based on avian and mammalian systems to explain sex-biased dispersal. Most avian species show a female bias in dispersal, ostensibly due to resource defence, and most mammals show a male bias, ostensibly due to male-male competition. These findings confound phylogeny with mating strategy; little is known about sex-biased dispersal in other taxa. Resource defence and male-male competition are both intense in Plethodon cinereus, a direct-developing salamander, so we tested whether sex-biased dispersal in this amphibian is consistent with the local resource competition hypothesis (female-biased) or the local mate competition hypothesis (male-biased). Using fine-scale genetic spatial autocorrelation analyses, we found that females were philopatric, showing significant positive genetic structure in the shortest distance classes, with stronger patterns apparent when only territorial females were tested. Males showed no spatial genetic structure over the shortest distances. Mark-recapture observations of P. cinereus over 5 years were consistent with the genetic data: males dispersed farther than females during natal dispersal and 44% of females were recaptured within 1 m of their juvenile locations. We conclude that, in this population of a direct-developing amphibian, females are philopatric and dispersal is male-biased, consistent with the local mate competition hypothesis. |
| |
Keywords: | genetic spatial autocorrelation microsatellite Plethodon cinereus sex‐biased dispersal |
本文献已被 PubMed 等数据库收录! |
|