The gene structure of the insulin-like growth factor family |
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| Institution: | 1. Dow AgroSciences LLC, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA;2. The Dow Chemical Company, Toxicology and Environmental Research & Consulting, Midland, MI, USA;1. Lilly Research Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN, USA;2. AstraZeneca, Drug Safety & Metabolism, Mölndal, Sweden;3. AbbVie, Global Preclinical Safety, North Chicago, IL, USA;4. F Hoffmann La Roche, Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, CH, Switzerland;5. Novartis Pharma AG, Translational Medicine at the Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland;1. Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Science Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch (HECSB), Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;2. Incident Reporting Program, Health Evaluation Directorate, Pest Management Regulatory Agency (PMRA), Health Canada, Sir Charles Tupper Building, 2720 Riverside Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;3. Emerging Approaches Unit, Existing Substances Risk Assessment Bureau, Safe Environments Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave. West, Ottawa, ON, K1A0K9, Canada;4. Bacterial and Combination Vaccines Division, Centre for Biologics Evaluation, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch (HPFB), Health Canada, 100 Eglantine Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;5. Nanotoxicology Division, New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Safe Environments Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave, W, 5th Floor, Ottawa, ON, K2M 2X9, Canada;6. Chemical Assessment Section, Water Quality Science Division, Water and Air Quality Bureau, Safe Environments Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave, W, Ottawa, ON, K2M 2X9, Canada;7. Ionizing Radiation Health Sciences Division, Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Science Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 775 Brookfield Rd, Ottawa, ON, K1A-0K9, Canada;8. Food Contaminant Toxicology Assessment Section, Bureau Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Drwy, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;9. Toxicology (Herbicides/Fungicides), Health Effects Division II, Health Evaluation Directorate, PMRA, Health Canada, 2720 Riverside Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;10. Clinical Trials Division, Centre for the Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals and Biotherapeutics, Biologics and Genetic Therapies Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, 100 Eglantine Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;11. Public Health Capacity and Knowledge Mobilization Division, Atlantic Region, Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC), 1505 Barrington Street – # 1543, Halifax, NS, B3J3Y6, Canada;12. Consumer Products Safety Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Avenue W., Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;13. Toxicology (Antimicrobials/Insecticides), Health Effects Division I, Health Evaluation Directorate, PMRA, Health Canada, 2720 Riverside Drive, Sir Charles Tupper Building, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;14. Biostatistics and Monitoring Division, Bureau of Food Surveillance and Science Integration, Food Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;15. Marketed Biologicals, Biotechnology and Natural Health Products Bureau, Marketed Health Products Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, 200 Eglantine Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A OK9, Canada;16. Office of Drug Science and Surveillance, Controlled Substances Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 200 Eglantine Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;17. Metabolic and Musculoskeletal Drugs Division, Bureau of Metabolism, Oncology and Reproductive Sciences, Therapeutic Products Directorate, HPFB, Health Canada, 101 Tunney''s Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada;18. Food and Drug Act Substances Assessment Division, New Substances Assessment and Control Bureau, Safe Environments Directorate, HECSB, Health Canada, 269 Laurier Ave. West, Ottawa, ON, K1A0K9, Canada;1. Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate 5, 19180, Tallinn, Estonia;2. Instituto de Ceramica y Vidrio (ICV-CSIC), C/Kelsen, 5, 28049, Madrid, Spain;3. Institute of Chemical Physics, P.Sevak, 5/2, Yerevan, 0014, Armenia;4. ITMO University, Kronverksky 49, St. Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation;5. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA;1. Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;2. Marilyn Aardema Consulting, Fairfield OH, USA; Bioreliance, MD, USA;3. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands;4. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NC, USA;5. USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service, Washington DC, USA;6. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA;7. University of Leicester, United Kingdom;8. National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan;9. Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, and Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USA;10. University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, USA;11. ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Italy;12. AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, United Kingdom;13. Integrated Laboratory Systems, Incorporation, NC, USA |
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| Abstract: | The insulin-like growth factors (IGF) constitute a family of proteins with insulin-like and growth-stimulating properties. The best characterized members of this family are IGF-I, a protein of 70 amino acids which plays an important role in post-natal growth, and IGF-II, a 67 amino acid protein which is most likely involved in fetal development.The gene structure of IGF-II has been elucidated for the human and the rat and shows extensive interspecies homologies. The gene structure of IGF-I has only partially been established. A striking feature of the IGF genes is that they are controlled by multiple promoters which are expressed in a tissue-specific and development-dependent way. |
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