西双版纳橡胶盔蚧与蚂蚁的相互关系

在云南省植胶区采用2种不同方法对橡胶盔蚧共生蚂蚁种类进行调查.共采集到蚂蚁22种,隶属4个亚科15个属.优势种为黄猄蚁(Oecophylla smaragdina).大田普查发现,有蚂蚁存在的橡胶树,受橡胶盔蚧危害的几率较高.为了解橡胶盔蚧与蚂蚁的相互关系,选择2棵有黄猄蚁和橡胶盔蚧的橡胶树进行调查.结果表明,橡胶盔蚧数量与蚂蚁数量呈正相关,蚂蚁数量越大,橡胶盔蚧危害越严重；同时,离蚁巢的距离也影响着橡胶盔蚧的数量,离蚁巢越近,橡胶盔蚧数量越大.蚂蚁隔离后,橡胶盔蚧第2代死亡率和寄生蜂的寄生率降低,从而增加了橡胶盔蚧的种群数量.结果验证,蚂蚁的存在确能保护橡胶盔蚧,它们之间为共生关系.

Interactions between nigra scale Parasaissetia nigra and ant in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province,Southwest China

An investigation was conducted to study the ant associated with nigra scale(Parasaissetia nigra) in Yunnan rubber planting area.A total of 22 ant species were collected,belonging to 15 genera and 4 subfamilies,and Oecophylla smaragdina was the dominant species.Field survey found that the rubber trees with ants presented had higher probability damaged by the scale.To understand the interactions between the scale and ant,two rubber trees with ants and scales in a rubber plantation were selected,and the survey...