Shedding light on biogas: Phototrophic biofilms in anaerobic digesters hold potential for improved biogas production |
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| Institution: | 1. Robert Boyle Institut e.V., Jena, Germany;2. Technische Universität Dresden, Chair of Waste Management, Pratzschwitzer Str. 15, Pirna, Germany;3. Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence, S.L., Paterna, Valencia, Spain;4. Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), University of Valencia–CSIC, Paterna, Valencia, Spain;5. Bio H2 Umwelt GmbH, Jena, Germany;1. Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. School of Port and Environmental Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;1. Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Institute for Genome Research and Systems Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;2. Department of Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering Potsdam-Bornim (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;3. Department of Microbiology, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 4, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany;1. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia;2. Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia;3. NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, and Utrecht University, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, The Netherlands;4. Utrecht University, Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Conventional anaerobic digesters intended for the production of biogas usually operate in complete darkness. Therefore, little is known about the effect of light on their microbial communities. In the present work, 16S rRNA gene amplicon Nanopore sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing were used to study the taxonomic and functional structure of the microbial community forming a biofilm on the inner wall of a laboratory-scale transparent anaerobic biodigester illuminated with natural sunlight. The biofilm was composed of microorganisms involved in the four metabolic processes needed for biogas production, and it was surprisingly rich in Rhodopseudomonas faecalis, a versatile bacterium able to carry out photoautotrophic metabolism when grown under anaerobic conditions. The results suggested that this bacterium, which is able to fix carbon dioxide, could be considered for use in transparent biogas fermenters in order to contribute to the production of optimized biogas with a higher CH4:CO2 ratio than the biogas produced in regular, opaque digesters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study characterising the phototrophic biofilm associated with illuminated bioreactors. |
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| Keywords: | Anaerobic digestion Optimized biogas Shotgun metagenomic sequencing Wastewater treatment Phototrophism 16S rRNA gene amplicon Na Nopore sequencing |
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