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Overview of growth differentiation factor 15 in metabolic syndrome |
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| Authors: | Mohamed Asrih Shibo Wei Thanh T Nguyen Hyon-Seung Yi Dongryeol Ryu Karim Gariani |
| Institution: | 1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
Diabetes Center of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland;2. Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea;3. Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Korea Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea;4. Laboratory of Endocrinology and Immune System, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea;5. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland |
| Abstract: | Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily. GDF15 has been linked with several metabolic syndrome pathologies such as obesity and cardiovascular diseases. GDF15 is considered to be a metabolic regulator, although its precise mechanisms of action remain to be determined. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha-like (GRAL), located in the hindbrain, has been identified as the receptor for GDF15 and signals through the coreceptor receptor tyrosine kinase (RET). Administration of GDF15 analogues in preclinical studies using various animal models has consistently been shown to induce weight loss through a reduction in food intake. GDF15, therefore, represents an attractive target to combat the current global obesity epidemic. In this article, we review current knowledge on GDF15 and its involvement in metabolic syndrome. |
| Keywords: | growth differentiation factor 15 inflammatory state metabolic syndrome obesity |