云南省国家级和省级自然保护区森林生态服务功能价值评估

采取文献查阅、资料数据处理、统计分析等研究方法，选取合理、成熟、可操作的森林生态服务评估体系和方法（LY/T 1721-2008），测算出云南省国家级、省级自然保护区森林生态系统在涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、积累营养物质、净化大气环境、生物多样性保护等6类生态系统服务功能的物质量和价值量，并从森林类型、质量、立地状况等多方面进行了分析。经评估，云南省自然保护区森林生态系统服务年总价值为2009.02亿元。其中，涵养水源价值为538.75亿元；保育土壤价值为493.79亿元；固碳释氧价值为122.09亿元；积累营养物质价值为16.11亿元；净化大气环境价值为83.21亿元；生物多样性保护价值为755.07亿元。保护区每年每公顷森林生态系统服务价值平均为12.31万元，相当于全国平均水平的2.9倍，云南省平均水平的2.4倍。

Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services Value of the National and Provincical Nature Reserves in Yunnan Province

 Based on the “Forest Ecosystem Services Assessment Standards” (LY/T1721-2008) issued by the State Administration of Forestry, the forest ecosystem services of all the national and provincical nature reserves in Yunnan Province were evaluated using the public data issued by the authoritative departments and the technical literature data by published publicly. The matter quantity and value of forest ecosystem reflected in service functions including water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixing and oxygen releasing, nutrient accumulation, atmospheric environment decontaminating and biodiversity conservation were evaluated. The forest service functions were analyzed from different perspectives such as vegtation types, stand quality, soil types and site conditions as well.The results showed that the total value of these six forest ecosystem services in all the national and provincial nature reserves of Yunnan province were RMB 200.902 billion per year, of which the value of water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixing and oxygen releasing, nutrient accumulation, atmospheric environment decontaminating and biodiversity conservation, accounted for RMB 53.875 billion, RMB 49.379 billion, RMB 12.209 billion, RMB 1.611 billion, RMB 8.321 billion and RMB 75.507 billion respectively. The annual average forest ecosystem service of nature reserves in Yunnan Province is RMB 123.1 thousand per hectare, which was 2.9 times equivalent to the national average, and 2.4 times to the average level of Yunnan Province.