Analysis of humoral immune responses in rhesus macaques vaccinated with attenuated SIVmac239Δnef and challenged with pathogenic SIVmac251 |
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Authors: | Doris Freißmuth Alexander Hiltgartner Christiane Stahl‐Hennig Dietmar Fuchs Klara Tenner‐Racz Paul Racz Klaus Überla Alexander Strasak Manfred P. Dierich Heribert Stoiber Barbara Falkensammer |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria;2. Department of Infection Models, German Primate Centre, G?ttingen, Germany;3. Division of Biological Chemistry, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria;4. Department of Pathology and K?rber Laboratory for AIDS Research, Bernhard‐Nocht‐Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany;5. Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr‐University Bochum, Bochum, Germany;6. Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria |
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Abstract: | Background To determine the correlation between protection and humoral immune response against simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251), 11 macaques were immunized with live‐attenuated SIVmac239Δnef either intravenously or via the tonsils and exposed to SIVmac251 after either 6 or 15 months along with unvaccinated controls. Results Independent of the route of vaccine application, viremia was significantly reduced in vaccinees compared with controls 2 weeks post‐challenge. Concomitantly, viremia correlated inversely with SIV‐specific IgG, complement‐mediated lysis and neutralizing antibodies and these parameters seemed to contribute to reduced viremia. During chronic infection, six monkeys controlled viremia in the circulation (two or fewer infectious units per 106 PBMCs) and showed no signs of trapping in lymphatic tissues (Appendix S1). Conclusions As no significant differences were observed throughout the study, with respect to the humoral immune response and viremia control, between the two vaccinated cohorts, mucosal immunization strategies are recommended due to more simplified application. |
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Keywords: | envelope‐specific antibodies live‐attenuated virus lymphatic tissues |
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