笃斯越桔化学成分及其功能活性的研究进展

笃斯越桔(Vaccinium uliginosum)因其富含花青苷等生物活性成分而备受关注。迄今为止, 从笃斯越桔果实中已鉴定出24种花青苷、32种黄酮醇苷、24种有机酸、28种芳香成分及少量儿茶素及其低聚物。同时, 笃斯越桔还含有丰富的矿质元素、维生素及氨基酸等营养成分。大量的体内和体外实验结果表明, 笃斯越桔具有强大的抗氧化、抗衰老、抗炎、抗癌、提高记忆力、预防心血管疾病和保护视力等生理活性。该文介绍了笃斯越桔资源分布情况及其遗传背景, 综述了其果实和叶片中的主要功能成分、营养物质及芳香成分的组成和含量, 讨论了遗传和环境等因素对其活性物质合成和积累的影响, 以期为其新品种选育及综合利用提供参考依据。

Review: Chemical Compositions and Functions of Vaccinium uliginosum

Recently, Vaccinium uliginosum, also known as bog bilberry or bog blueberry, has been found rich in anthocyanins and flavonols. The plant was suggested to possess a wide variety of health benefits both in vitro and in vivo, such as antioxidative activity, anticancer, anti-vascular disease effects and anti-memory decline effect. The berries contain 24 anthocyanins, 32 flavonol glycosides, 24 organic acids, 28 aromatic compounds and some catechin and its oligomers. Mineral elements, vitamins, amino acids and other nutrients have been measured as well. This paper summarizes all these components and their contents in V. uliginosum. The genetic and environmental factors that affect the synthesis and accumulation of these health-benefit compositions are discussed. This review will have great significance for comprehensive study and further development and use of V. uliginosum.