内蒙古高原湖滨湿地优势植物功能性状特征及其适应性

受人类活动和气候变化的影响，湖泊湖滨带退化速度显著加快。植物功能性状的方法可以量化植物特征，预测植物对外界环境干扰的反应，有助于理解退化湖滨带湿地植物应对环境变化所表现出的适应机制，对湖泊湖滨湿地生态系统植被的恢复与重建具有重要意义。在内蒙古高原典型湖泊湖滨湿地选取芦苇（Phragmites australis）、赖草（Leymus secalinus）、毛茛（Ranunculus japonicus）、鹅绒委陵菜（Potentilla anserina）、碱蓬（Suaeda glauca）、盐角草（Salicornia europaea）和拂子茅（Calamagrostis epigeios）7种优势植物的叶片和根系作为研究对象，对不同湿地植物的11种功能性状变化规律及其与环境因子的关系进行研究。旨在探究环境变化影响下湖滨带湿地植物的物种分布和功能性状的差异，以及湿地植物在不同湖滨带湿地生境下的适应策略。在评估植物功能性状差异基础上，采用环境矩阵连接性状矩阵（RLQ）结合第四角分析（Fourth-Corner）的方法分析环境因子对植物功能性状的影响。结果表明，内蒙古湖滨带湿地中7种优势植物为了适应不同的环境的影响，植物的功能性状均产生不同程度的种间与种内变异，在湖滨带湿地中植物的植株高度、叶片碳含量、叶片氮含量、叶片碳氮比、比根长、根组织密度、根氮含量对环境变化的响应比较敏感，土壤pH与叶片干物质含量呈显著负相关；土壤盐分与植株高度、叶片碳含量和叶碳氮比显著负相关，与叶片氮含量、根组织密度显著正相关；土壤的总氮含量与植株高度显著正相关，与比根长显著负相关；土壤碳氮比与植株高度和叶片碳含量显著负相关，与植物比根长显著正相关；土壤容重与根氮含量显著负相关。研究表明内蒙古高原湖滨带湿地植物的功能性状受环境的作用强烈，植物采取了不同的性状策略来适应环境。

Functional traits of dominant plants and their adaptations in lakeshore wetlands of the Inner Mongolia Plateau

The rate of degradation of lakeshore zones has been greatly accelerated by human activities and climate change. The method of plant functional traits can quantify plant characteristics and predict plants responses to externally environmental disturbances, and this method can help us understand the adaptive mechanisms of degraded lakeshore wetland plants in response to environmental changes, which is important for the restoration and reconstruction of lakeshore wetland ecosystem vegetation. In this paper, the leaves and roots of seven dominant plants, Phragmites australis, Leymus secalinus, Ranunculus japonicus, Potentilla anserina, Suaeda glauca, Salicornia europaea and Calamagrostis epigeios, were selected in the lakeside wetlands of typical lakes on the Inner Mongolia Plateau to study the change patterns of 11 functional traits of different wetland plants and their relationships with environmental factors. The aim is to investigate the differences in species distribution and functional traits of wetland plants in the lakeshore zone under the influence of environmental changes, and the adaptation strategies of wetland plants in different lakeshore wetland habitats. Based on the assessment of interspecific and intraspecific variation in plant functional trait, the effect of environmental factors on plant functional traits was analyzed using RLQ combined with Fourth-Corner analysis. The results showed that the functional traits of the seven dominant plant species in the lakeshore zone wetlands of the Inner Mongolia produced different degrees of interspecific and intraspecific variation in order to adapt to different environmental influences, and the plant height, leaf carbon concentration, leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio, specific root length, root tissue density and root nitrogen content of the plants in the lakeshore zone wetlands were sensitive to the environmental changes. In the lakeshore zone wetland environment, soil pH was negatively correlated with leaf dry matter content; soil salinity was negatively correlated with plant height, leaf carbon concentration and leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio, while positively correlated with leaf nitrogen concentration and root tissue density; soil nitrogen concentration was positively correlated with plant height and negatively correlated with root length; soil carbon to nitrogen ratio was negatively correlated with plant height and leaf carbon concentration, but positively correlated with root length; soil bulk density was negatively correlated with root nitrogen concentration. This study shows that the functional traits of wetland plants in the lakeshore zone of the Inner Mongolia Plateau are strongly influenced by the environment, and lakeshore zone plants have adopted different trait strategies to adapt to their environment.