卫星搭载鸡冠花种子SP2代的生长、发育与性状变异研究

对卫星搭载处理的鸡冠花SP2代种子萌发、植株生长、开花以及主要性状在群体中的变异进行了观察.与对照比较,SP2种子发芽势提高,发芽率有所下降,萌发延迟.群体茎粗与对照相比显著增加;选择系在株幅、茎粗间出现了较大差异.在SP2株系间开花时间和花期出现了明显分离,株系群体中有花期明显提前和延迟的单株出现.20个株系中有16个株系的单株种子量比对照显著减少.在SP2株系中株高、株幅呈非正态分布,茎粗和花期呈偏正态分布.在处理的株系群体中有植株显著高大、多分枝、叶色、叶型、冠型、冠色及花期等显著性状变异出现,产生性状变异的单株频率为0.07％-1.26％,表明空间诱变所产生的变异性状开始在SP2代出现.

An Investigation to Growth,Development and Mutation of SP2 Population of Celosia cristata L.from Seeds Carried by Recoverable Satellite

The germination of seeds,seedling growth,flower characters and mutation of cockscomb （Celosia crispate L.） plant from seeds carried by recoverable satellite were investigated in SP2 population.The germination time of the SP2 seeds was obviously later than the control with higher the germination speed and lower the germination rate.The stem diameter of SP2 plant increased significantly compared to that of the control and there were significant differences for plant width and stem diameter among the SP2 lines.Tassel initial time and flowering duration separated apparently in the SP2 lines with the mutation of earlier flowering or later flowering line.Seeds yield of 16 of 20 lines under the test reduced significantly than that of the control.It was non-normal distribution for plant height,and plant width while was skewed normal distribution for stem diameter,and flowering duration in the SP2 lines.Individual mutant line with the plant height,multi-branching,leaf color and type,coronal type and color could be found among SP2 lines with the frequency of 0.07％-1.26％,indicating that the variation characters mutated by the space environment begin to separate and arise from the SP2 generation.