长白山水曲柳种群动态

通过对长白山水曲柳种群的调查,以种群径级结构代替年龄结构,采用空间代替时间的方法,对水曲柳种群的年龄结构、静态生命表以及种群时间动态预测进行了分析。结果显示:长白山水曲柳种群幼龄个体偏少,中老龄个体较多。其中阔叶红松林中水曲柳种群主要依靠中老龄植株维持,幼龄个体缺乏;白桦次生林中水曲柳植株龄级较阔叶红松林幼龄,但仍然存在幼树缺乏现象。长白山水曲柳种群的存活曲线基本属于偏正态DeeveyⅢ型,总体呈现衰退趋势。种群时间动态预测显示,随着水曲柳老龄个体短暂增多后的逐渐减少,水曲柳种群逐渐衰退。因此建议在立足现有种群的维持保护上,研究水曲柳濒危机制,采取适当人工抚育措施,保证种群持续稳定发展。

Population structure and dynamics of Fraxinus mandshurica in Changbai Mountain

We investigated the age structure, life table, and dynamics of Fraxinus mandshurica populations on Changbai Mountain by using spatial series rather than time series and substituting trunk size structure for age structure. In broadleaved Korean pine forests, maintenance of F. mandshurica populations was largely dependent on mature trees because of low numbers of seedlings. In Betula platyphylla secondary forests, F. mandshurica populations were relatively young, but lacked seedlings. The survival curves for the F. mandshurica populations were classified as Deevey type and showed declining trends. Time-series prediction revealed that these populations will eventually decline because of an increase in the proportion of mature trees. We suggest appropriate artificial measures for ensuring continuous and steady growth of F. mandshurica populations on Changbai Mountain.