Effects of pH, reducing and alkylating reagents on the binding and Ca2+ release activities of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate in the bovine adrenal cortex

In a wide variety of cells, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) is a second messenger which interacts with specific intracellular receptors and triggers the release of sequestered Ca2+ from an intracellular store. When bovine adrenal cortex microsomes were incubated in the presence of dithiothreitol [(DTT) IC50 = 50 mM] or n-ethylmaleimide [(NEM) IC50 = 0.5 mM], they lost their IP3 binding capacity. Scatchard analysis of the binding data revealed that DTT decreased the affinity while NEM decreased the number of binding sites for IP3. The effect of DTT was reversible whereas the effect of NEM was permanent. pH variations between 6.5 and 9 increased the IP3 binding capacity of the microsomes. The effects of DTT, NEM, and pH on IP3-induced Ca2+ release from the microsomes were consistent with their effects on IP3 binding. Our data show that the binding sites for IP3 in the bovine adrenal cortex are proteins containing disulfide bridges and free sulfhydryl group(s) which are essential features for the recognition of IP3. These results also suggest that the binding sites for IP3 are the physiological receptors through which IP3 triggers the mobilization of Ca2+ in adrenal cortex in response to angiotensin II and other Ca2+ mobilizing ligands.