农田边界生物多样性保护功能的初步研究——以北京东北旺步甲群落多样性研究为例

农田边界是农田间的过渡带 ,包含了树篱、防护林、草皮 (带 )、墙、篱笆、沟渠、道路、作物边界带等景观要素[3] 。许多研究表明 ,农田边界在保护生物多样性方面有着重要的作用。Ｄｅｎｎｉｓ等[7] 的研究表明 ,通过为节肢动物提供多样、稳定的栖息地和越冬场所 ,增加农田中节肢动物的多样性。Ｈｏｌｌａｎｄ等[12 ] 的研究也表明 ,林地边界在农业生态系统中能起到保护生物多样性的作用 ,这种作用不仅使林地中有较高的多样性 ,而且还使相邻农田生物多样性增加。同时 ,多样化的农田生态系统比纯作系统具有更为丰富和多样的害虫天敌[6 ] 。国…

Field Margin's Function for Biodiversity: A Case Study on Carabids Beetles in Dongbeiwang, Beijing

In 2000,the species and diversity of carabids beetle were investigated by pitfall trap in 14 land-use treatments of Dongbeiwang agroecosystem in Beijing.The treatments included woodlots,field margins,wheat/corn fields and vegetable fields with different cultivation measures.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the irragation,fertilization and straws have no effect on the diversity of carabid community;the number of species and individual number of carabid community in the woodlots,field margins were higher than these in the fields;the field margins had positive effect on the diversity and richness of carabid community in their adjacent field;moderation disturbance was beneficial for higher individual number of carabid community.It is concluded that field margin are necessary to maintain a diverse predatory carabid community in agroecosystem.