Functions of the MAPK family in vertebrate-development |
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Authors: | Krens S F Gabby Spaink Herman P Snaar-Jagalska B Ewa |
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Affiliation: | Institute of Biology, Clusius Laboratory, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands. krens@rulbim.leidenuniv.nl |
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Abstract: | The mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, consisting of the extracellular signal regulated protein kinase, c-Jun amino terminal MAPK and p38 subfamilies, is conserved in evolution throughout the plant and animal kingdoms. These proteins have been implicated in diverse cellular processes including cell growth, migration, proliferation, differentiation, survival and development. Gene-targeting approaches in mice, chickens, frogs and zebrafish revealed crucial roles of MAPK in vertebrate development. Gene-disruption or -silencing often lead to lethal effects, therefore the zebrafish ex utero development provides an excellent in vivo model to study the function of MAPK in early embryogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the MAPK family function in vertebrate-development and place this into the perspective of possibilities for future research. |
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Keywords: | ASK1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 A-Raf1, V-RAF murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog 1 B-Raf, V-RAF murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 BMK1, big MAP kinase 1 CLIC3, chloride intracellular channel 3 Cot, Cancer Osaka Thyroid Oncogene (=Tpl-2) ERK, extracellular signal regulated protein kinase JNK, c-Jun amino terminal MAPK MEK, MAPK/ERK kinase MEKK, MEK kinase MAPK, mitogen activated protein kinase MK, MAPK-activated protein kinases MKK, MAPK kinase MKKK, MAPK kinase kinase MLK2,3, mixed-lineage protein kinase 3 Mos, V-MOS moloney murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog Myf5, myogenic activator 5 POSH, plenty of SH3s Raf1, V-RAF murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 SAPK, stress activated protein kinase Tpl-2, tumor progression locus 2 TAO1,2,3, thousand and one amino acids TAK1, TGFβ activated kinase v-src, avian Sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene |
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