海南坡鹿(Cervus eldi hainanus)的食性研究

1986年9月至1987年7月作者在海南省大田保护区面积约95公顷的封闭性围栏内,随机设立灌木及草本植物样方各39个。检查了296个坡鹿的采食场。结果表明坡鹿采食灌木31种,草本43种。x~2检验证明,坡鹿喜欢在中生性热带草食生境中采食,避开砂生灌丛林生境。坡鹿对植物种类及取食部位具有明显的选择,这种选择有季节变化。坡鹿的采食频率与喜食不完全一致。采食频率高的植物并不一定是坡鹿最喜食的,但这些植物对坡鹿的生存具有重要意义。

A FOOD HABITS STUDY ON HAINAN ELD'S DEER IN HAINAN ISLAND,CHINA

Eleven months data on food habits of the Hainan eld's deer (Cervus eldi hainan-us) were collected from the Hainan Datian National Nature Reserve, in which the last group of this deer is distributed in China, A fence was constructed and one square kilometer area was closed before this study was conducted. It provided a good study area for this research. Thirty nine paired plots were sampled with 100 meters interval along four transect lines about 1000 meters (long each) to survey the availability of browse species and grazing species. Two hundred and ninty six feeding sites were examined and data about usage for each species and occuring species in all feeding sites were recored. The deer fed on 74 species of plants during study period among them 31 species were shrubs and 43 were herbs. X2 test revealed that the deer strongly selected feeding habitat. They preferred to feed in the tropical grasslands and rain forests. The deer grazed more than browsed. Ferbs, new shoots of grasses made most components of their year round diet. An evaluation on the food preference and important values of 26 herb species and 20 browse species on which deer fed more often or preferred were given in this paper. Suggestion on the management of deer's habitat within the Nature Reserve have been made, too.