不同秋眠性苜蓿的遗传多样性研究

苜蓿的秋眠性是苜蓿引种，栽培的依据。采用RAPD技术对32份不同秋眠性苜蓿进行遗传多样性和系统发育研究。结果表明，13条引物共扩增出217个标记，有214个多态位点，多态频率达到98．6％，说明这些苜蓿品种具有很高的遗传多样性。聚类分析表明，安徽野生南苜蓿和其它栽培品种苜蓿有大的遗传差异，单独聚为一类。其余31个品种在相似系数为0．815的地方聚为4类，并且，相对秋眠性强的苜蓿品种的遗传基础更为丰富，而秋眠级数低的苜蓿品种相对遗传基础较狭窄。本研究同时表明，安徽野生苜蓿将能够为南方苜蓿育种丰富遗传基础，应加大保护和研究。

A study on Genetic Diversity of Different Fall Dormancy Alfalfa

Fall dormancy of alfalfa is based on introduction and cultivation. Genetic diversity of 32 different fall dormancy alfalfa （ Medicago sativa L） varieties was determined using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA （RAPD） technique. The results indicated that a total of 217 amplicons were resolved by 13 primers, of which 214 polymorphic （ 98.6 % ）. These varieties had high genetic polymorphism. A dendrogram from the analysis suggests that the lowest genetic similarity between wild nan alfalfa from Anhui and others. Nan alfalfa was one group. Other 31 cultivars were classified four groups in 0.815. The cuhivar with strong-fall dormancy were with rich genetic foundation. On the contrary, the cultivar with weak-fall dormancy were with relative narrow genetic foundation. Moreover the study indicated that wild nan alfalfa from Anhui will be able to enrich the genetic foundation of alfalfa breeding, we should strengthen to protect and studv it.