Stratospheric Ozone Depletion: High Arctic Tundra Plant Growth on Svalbard is not Affected by Enhanced UV-B after 7 years of UV-B Supplementation in the Field |
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Authors: | Jelte Rozema Peter Boelen Bjørn Solheim Matthias Zielke Alwin Buskens Marieke Doorenbosch Ruben Fijn Jelger Herder Terry Callaghan Lars Olof Björn Dylan Gwynn Jones Rob Broekman Peter Blokker Willem van de Poll |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Systems Ecology, Institute of Ecological Science, Climate Center Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2. Department of Biology, University of Troms?, N-9037, Troms?, Norway 3. Abisko Scientific Research Station, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-981 07, Abisko, Sweden 4. Sheffield Centre for Arctic Ecology, University of Sheffield, X Taptonville Road, Sheffield, S10 5BR, UK 5. Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Box 117, SE-22362, Lund, Sweden 6. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, UK 7. Department of Marine Biology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Abstract: | The response of tundra plants to enhanced UV-B radiation simulating 15 and 30% ozone depletion was studied at two high arctic
sites (Isdammen and Adventdalen, 78° N, Svalbard).The set-up of the UV-B supplementation systems is described, consisting
of large and small UV lamp arrays, installed in 1996 and 2002. After 7 years of exposure to enhanced UV-B radiation, plant
cover, density, morphological (leaf fresh and dry weight, leaf thickness, leaf area, reproductive and ecophysiological parameters
leaf UV-B absorbance, leaf phenolic content, leaf water content) were not affected by enhanced UV-B radiation. DNA damage
in the leaves was not increased with enhanced UV-B in Salix polaris and Cassiope tetragona. DNA damage in Salix polaris leaves was higher than in leaves of C. tetragona. The length of male gametophyte moss plants of Polytrichum hyperboreum was reduced with elevated UV-B as well as the number of Pedicularis hirsuta plants per plot, but the inflorescence length of Bistorta vivipara was not significantly affected. We discuss the possible causes of tolerance of tundra plants to UV-B (absence of response
to enhanced UV-B) in terms of methodology (supplementation versus exclusion), ecophysiological adaptations to UV-B and the
biogeographical history of polar plants |
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Keywords: | Arctic Bistorta vivipara Cassiope tetragona Cover DNA-damage Dryas octopetala Gametophyte Inflorescence Leaf area Ozone depletion Pedicularis hirsuta Plant density Polytrichum hyperboreum Salix polaris Sanionia uncinata Supplementation Thickness Tundra Ultraviolet-b radiation |
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