Synthesis of 2-azaspiro[3.3]heptane-derived amino acids: ornitine and GABA analogues

Synthesis of 6-amino-2-azaspiro3.3]heptane-6-carboxylic acid and 2-azaspiro3.3]heptane-6-carboxylic acid was performed. Both four-membered rings in the spirocyclic scaffold were constructed by subsequent ring closure of corresponding 1,3-bis-electrophiles at 1,1-C- or 1,1-N-bis-nucleophiles. The two novel amino acids were added to the family of the sterically constrained amino acids for the use in chemistry, biochemistry, and drug design.